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Solar is one of the most popular renewable options among homeowners who want to save on electricity costs and help the environment, because it’s easy to install and low maintenance. As solar panel systems have become more affordable, many homeowners are now seriously considering installing solar in their homes. But if you’re new to renewable energy, where do you start?
There are many things to consider when choosing solar power, from understanding how solar energy works and the initial costs to the return on investment you can expect to receive. Whether you're just starting to think about making the switch to solar or you’re ready to move forward with installation and need to know where to begin, these are some of the key considerations to help you make the transition to clean, renewable energy for your home.
At the heart of any photovoltaic solar panel system are the solar panels themselves. Solar panels are made up of many individual solar cells, which are typically made from silicon. When sunlight hits these solar cells, the photons in the light knock electrons loose, allowing electricity to flow. The solar cells are wired together into a panel, which is then connected to other components that make up a solar system. These include an inverter, which converts the DC power from the panels into usable AC power, as well as wiring, mounts and other equipment.
For residential systems, the solar panels are installed on the roof and oriented to maximise exposure to sunlight. The system connects into a home's electrical meter. During the day, the solar panels will produce electricity from the sun, reducing the amount of electricity pulled from the utility grid and saving you energy when powering your home. Any excess electricity produced is fed back into the grid.
The costs of installing solar panels in the UK have dropped significantly in recent years, making solar more affordable than ever. However, solar power systems do require a significant upfront investment. Installing a residential solar PV system in the UK ranges from £4,000 - £10,000, depending on the size of the system, type of panels, location and installation factors.
When calculating potential return on a solar investment, there are a few key factors to consider. The UK government offers several financial initiatives to encourage homeowners to install solar panels. Being aware of these schemes can help maximise savings when going solar. For example, the Smart Export Guarantee (SEG) requires energy suppliers to pay households for excess solar electricity exported to the grid.
SEG tariff rates vary between suppliers, and though lower than the previous FIT export tariff, SEG payments still make solar more affordable. The domestic Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI) also provides payments to homeowners who install renewable technologies like solar water heating. Eligible solar thermal systems are paid over seven years based on the heat generated.
Top tip: Some local authorities also offer solar incentives or rebates for residents. For example, residents in Cornwall can get a significant discount on installation costs through the Solar Together scheme.
Once you've decided to install solar panels, the next step is finding reputable companies to assist with the process. There are a few key considerations when evaluating potential solar panel installation companies. Firstly, look for installers accredited under the Microgeneration Certification Scheme (MCS) in the UK. MCS certification ensures installers meet industry standards for quality and safety. Also ask about the number of years in business and experience with systems similar to the one you want.
It’s worth asking potential installers about the brands and warranties of the solar panels and inverters they recommend, as higher quality equipment tends to have better production and longevity over decades of operation. And as with any business, check independent review sites as well as the company's website for feedback from past customers.
Top tip: Choose a company that handles permits and paperwork for you, to ensure the process runs smoothly.
Solar panels can be installed successfully on homes in any climate. However, some factors like roof age, tree cover and roof size may impact how suitable your property is for rooftop solar panels. If you have many trees near your home that create excessive shade on your roof for large parts of the day, rooftop solar may not be the ideal option. The overall size, shape and slope of your roof are also important considerations. South-facing roofs are the best option, but east- and west-facing roofs are still suitable for solar panels.
Top tip: The ideal angle of a roof is between 35 and 40 degrees, but anywhere from 10 to 60 degrees is suitable. For those with a flat roof, it’s possible to fit the solar panels onto an angled mount to improve efficiency.
One way to get even more benefit from your solar panel system is by adding energy storage. Storage refers to batteries that can store the electricity generated by your solar panels for use at a later time. This allows you to utilise the solar power you produce when you need it most, regardless of whether the sun is actively shining. Adding battery storage means you can save excess solar energy during the day and use it in the evening or night time hours.
Many homeowners interested in solar have some common concerns. Here are answers to some frequently asked questions:
Will panels damage my roof? No, solar panels are designed to safely attach to roofing material without penetrating it. Reputable installers will assess your roof structure and condition first to ensure compatibility.
What about leaks? Solar installers take precautions like flashing and seals to prevent any new holes or connections from causing leaks. Quality installation is key, which is why checking installer credentials is important.
How much maintenance is required? Solar panels are very low maintenance, especially compared to other home systems. Just occasional cleaning and checking connections is needed. Inverters may need replacing after 10-15 years.
How long do solar panels last? With quality installation, solar panels can operate efficiently for over 25 years. Newer panels often come with 20-25 year performance warranties as well.
What if I want to sell my home? Solar panels may increase resale value. Before selling, understand options like transferring panel contracts/payments to the buyer.
Does my home need direct sunlight? Solar works even in cloudier UK climates, but the orientation of your roof will affect the productivity of your panels. South-facing roofs maximise sun exposure but solar can generate electricity from daylight on east and west-facing roofs too.
Going solar can be a smart investment for eco-conscious homeowners who want to reduce energy bills and their carbon footprint. Solar panel technology has improved dramatically in recent years, making systems more affordable, efficient and visually appealing than ever before. With government incentives and ever-decreasing prices, there has never been a better time to explore solar power. If you're ready to power your home with clean energy from the sun, do your research and get quotes from trusted local suppliers. Investing in residential solar delivers lasting environmental and financial rewards. And it allows you to personally contribute to the global transition toward sustainable, renewable power.
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